The History Of National Curriculum Education Essay

First and first, I am Rubatarshne d/o Vasu as a student from Kirkby International College would take this risk to show my significant appreciation and profound regards to my guide Mr. Danapalan for his model direction, checking and invariable support all through this task. The endorsement, help and direction given by God towards my task empower me to complete my task effectively. I would other than wish to thank my companions in helping me by giving help. In this task I have increase bottomless comprehension and encounters. I have expanded my level of affirmation when I met headmistress, senior guide and educators. As a from now on teacher, I other than discovered that there are two sorts of movement that had been directed in school which are school exercises and class exercises. Other than that, a solid obligation of relationship framed among me and my previous teachers. I would wish to express gratitude toward one time again to my lector for giving me an endeavor sing on National Philosophy of guidance ( NPE ) . Last, I would wish to thank to my educators that ready to pass cut with me to continue meet. Instructors, for example, Mrs. Vasugi, Mrs. Chitra and Mrs. Devanagi from Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Tamil, Hicom, Shah Alam and Mrs. Rahinun bt Mohd Noor from Sekolah Kebangsaan Taman Uda, Alor Star, Kedah Darul Aman. I found out about their guidance and securing technique which will be utile for me in hereafter.ContentSubjectPageNational Philosophy of Education ( NPE )Elementss in NPENational CurriculumKBSR AND KSSRSchool ActivitySport ‘s Day Persuasive talk Qiamullail Excell plan Gotong-RoyongClass ActivityRole show Messing around Spelling usual way of doing things Question and answer ; A movement Woman BirdDecisionAppendixMentions1.0 National Philosophy of EducationEducation play a polar capacity in Malaysia especially strategically, monetarily, and socially ever since the independency of Malaya in 1957 and the arrangement of Malaysia in 1963. Since along these lines, a few guidance strategies were being drafted and modified to run into the guidance requests of the individuals of Malaysia from clasp to cut. In 1988, National Philosophy of Education ( NPE ) was planned dependent on contemplations and rule of strategy paperss. It is direct for every single instructive action in Malaysia and sets the qualities and rules of the Malayan guidance framework from essential to an exhaustive round of questioning. ( NPE ) comprise of a few components to deliver people who are mentally, profoundly, inwardly, and genuinely adjusted and symphonious. The primary part of ( NPE ) is guidance as a continuous endeavor that geting and reassigning discernment achievements and baronial qualities which start since the beginning rock earth perish. It is basic to decide character of children which will assist them with accommodating arranged kinds of changes. Following, is ( NPE ) other than create single potencies. Every person has their ain concealed enrichments which can be sustained and created, capacities that ought to be tapped, and improved through cultural communication with condition. Conviction and deference to God is another part of ( NPE ) which 1 must recognize the being of God and acknowledge him as the Creator. Each individual ought to be to the full answerable for his workss and activities. The last segment is to deliver knowing Malayan residents. We as a Malayan resident should hold love fo r perception and endeavor to promote insight and execute perusing development in our everyday life. Along these lines, it obviously shows that assuming each and everybody in the guidance clique maintain ( NPE ) when shipping out their endeavors with full obligations, our instructive finishes will go world.2.0 National CurriculumThere are three clasp sorts of modifications in course of study, for example, Old Primary School Curriculum ( KLSR ) before 1982, New Primary School Curriculum ( KBSR ) and Standard Primary School Curriculum ( KSSR ) .Firstly, Old Primary School Curriculum. ( KLSR ) was actualized since the state accomplished its independency. In 1960, the Subject Review Committee has been built up is other than known as Rahman Talib Report. In add-on, this level of guidance framework is situated to the eradiation of lack of education. Conventional schoolroom is a topographic point where a gathering of understudies will follow the securing methodology. In this sort of schoolr oom, students ordinarily sit in the request for seats and even arraies that are orchestrated line by line. For case, understudies who are tall ought to sit at the back while students who are short or have hapless seeing ought to sit forepart. In similarity with the features of Rahman Talib Report, all understudies must experience in Bahasa Melayu open examination which the paper is written in Malay Language. It means to assist trustworthiness among multiracial society. Following, is New Primary School Curriculum ( KBSR ) which was actualized in 1982 as a test balance of new course of study. Along these lines, in 1983 specialists to the full actualized Integrated Primary school Curriculum which other than known as ( KBSR ) . The course of study configuration dependent on three nations which are conveying, grown-up male and condition, and improvement of single ( KBSR ) underlines understudies review in gathering and collaboration among educator and students, students and understudies are truly worried in this ( KBSR ) . In footings of learning plans, understudy focused is effectively assault in the system of guidance and obtaining. This is on the grounds that it brings an intriguing situation up in schoolroom and animates the method of guidance and securing. The rating in ( KBSR ) accentuate in essential achievements ( 3R ) that understudies ought to be aced which are unwritten, perusing and making. Understudies who could non get the hang any themes, the student will be sent to healing classes. RemedialA classifications are often used to underscore the rudimentss in a subject, for example, math or semantic correspondence. Last, Standard Primary School Curriculum ( KSSR ) course of study configuration dependent on six spikes which are conveying, spiritualty, perspectives and qualities aë†â€ ¹aë†â€ ¹of physical and tasteful advancement of humanistic controls, logical order and building and visual angle. From 2011, the grade school course of study begin to utilize ( KSSR ) which includes adjustments in plan, association, content, showing technique, cut distribution, appraisal strategies, stuffs and bearing of the school course of study. ( KSSR ) stressed the utilization of various learning assaults larning ( P and A ; P ) that give more highlight and effect on understudies. For delineation, educators show the understudies by approaching to request discoveries, arrangement and occupation, constructivism, relevant, learning dependent on future and larning dependent on attempted. In this way, the three components of significant worth was included and presented in the ( KSSR ) the segment of imag ination and creation, business enterprise, data and conveying building ( ICT ) . To put it plainly, changes in the age of globalization require an adjustment to be decided of the guidance course of study like ( KLSR ) before 1982, ( KBSR ) and ( KSSR ) .These modifications improve the nature of essential guidance to be increasingly applicable to the difficulties of the present and of the twenty-first century. It is extremely basic to carry on exercises fitting to ( NPE ) especially in schools and colleges and ushers to a standard course of study. By executing the course of study effectually in schools, it can build up the students intellectual, affectional and psychomotor ( physical ) with different potencies ( JERIS ) in understudies. Here, there will be driven unit of ammo among understudies to strive one another. By executing exercises which are in fuse mode will do the understudies to accept out of the box.3.0 School ActivityRecently, I have talked with schoolmaster and senior guide in two schools which are Sekolah Kebangsaan Taman Uda ( SKTU ) at Alor Star, Kedah and Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Tamil Hicom ( SJKT ) at Dengkil, Selangor. The goal of these meetings depends on the national course of investigation of the school which mirrors the point of ( NPE ) . Fitting to the meetings that directed in the two schools, I distinguish that there are two sorts of exercises are composed in schools which are school based exercises and schoolroom exercises. Arranged sorts of action that are composed in school lined up with ( NPE ) . There are five boss exercises that did in school like Sports Day, Motivational Talk, Qiamullai, Excell Program and ‘gotong-royong ‘ . First and first, Sports Day is done during the period of February yearly. All the teachers and understudy from Standard 1 until Standard 6 are associated with this action. A couple of hebdomads before Sports Day, understudy begin to give their names for take an interest occasions like high wide jump, 100m race, ‘shot put ‘ and others. After the school hours, understudies will get down to design the exercises at school field. The significance to frame this action is to create understudies who are sound. Sports can build up musculuss and castanetss which at long last will do the students to go solid. Sports twenty-four hours is where understudy is educated and uncover toA grouped sorts of athleticss and larning to be coordinate in crew games, be discipline as to follow the guidelines for each game or games thus significantly more. Sports are an extremely sound movement that can keep up away a group of unneeded infection, for example, bulky. Understudies can keep their own p rosperity which is lined up with ( NPE ) . This action can help to create psychomotor achievements in understudies. Another action that was directed in school is Motivational Talk which was given by the Sir Ismail who is one of the advisors in that school. This discussion is to give the stableness of understudy ‘s feelings and self course for their greatness. All students are includes in this discussion and offered cognizance to fix themselves for tests. I

UCCs Effect On International Commerce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

UCCs Effect On International Commerce - Essay Example The third article accommodates the exchanges in business papers, for example, debatable instruments and promissory notes (Hinkelman and Shippey, 2004). Different arrangements are likewise significant in exchange since they give rules on issues, for example, mass exchanges, made sure about exchanges and dealings in speculation protections, for example, stocks and bonds. The UCC applies to national exchange, yet would have constructive outcomes whenever applied to worldwide business. The UCC is intended for snappy references on laws with respect to arrangement of business contracts, master investigation of the effect of different business exchanges and simple treatment of court choices in regards to questions radiating from exchange (Hinkelman and Shippey, 2004). The primary impact of UCC on global business is assistance of universal exchanges in the offer of products. UCC will guarantee that cross-fringe vendors have confidence in offer of products contracts because of the consistency in the administrative laws. The expansion in remote direct speculations and development in innovation has prompted crisis of new sort of business exchanges that require a uniform type of authoritative understandings and lawful assurance (Hinkelman and Shippey, 2004). For example, innovation has permitted organizations to sell computerized items across national fringes and global organizations to list their stocks in various national stock trade markets. For this situation, uniform business code would be useful in encouraging worldwide trade (Hinkelman and Shippey, 2004). Uniform business code in the universal trade would be helpful in controling cases of worldwide financial violations, for example, illegal tax avoidance and dumping. The UCC would be equipped for offering legitimate rules that address issues identifying with preoccupation of freight in the high oceans, forging and fake protection asserts that are normal in sea exchange. UCC will be helpful in worldwide offering form s (Hinkelman and Shippey, 2004). The arrangements will be significant in guaranteeing consistency of worldwide tenders, for example, government tenders. This will guarantee that contracting parties get top notch benefits because of sincere trust necessities and straightforwardness of the procedure (Hinkelman and Shippey, 2004). UCC will facilitate the universal exchange of assets through making uniform necessities in bank assortments, settlements of budgetary protections and store moves among the global exchange members. UCC will make legitimate execution commitment to exchanges including a made sure about gathering. The code of business will manage the exchanges of dematerialized protections. For this situation, the last financial specialists in the venture protections will have satisfactory security privilege and option to get any profits gathering from their responsibility for security. Article 8 deteriorates the security rights subsequently loan bosses are shielded from the chan ce of the speculator of moving such stake without educating the leaser who has some enthusiasm for the concerned security (Hinkelman and Shippey, 2004). The effect of making sure about the exchanges is to give an alleviation to the loan specialist through a security enthusiasm for the guarantee and an affirmation in the default by the getting party. In many states, the made sure about exchanges utilize individual property, apparatuses and impalpable property as the insurance on account of default. This code will encourage insolvency settlements hence encouraging universal exchange exchanges (Hinkelman and Shippey, 2004). Articles 5 of the UCC give rules on the issuance of letters of credit by money related establishments. The letters of credit

Our Helpful Reference Guide for Primary and Secondary Sources

Our Helpful Reference Guide for Primary and Secondary Sources Almost all kinds of writing will at one point require you to take on that dreaded task: research. Whether youre writing a thesis on historical trade deficits, an article on a new type of smartphone, or crafting a novel on the life of Berliners in the 1960s, you will need to consult various types of reference materials to make sure your writing is based in fact.Reference materials help ensure your writing is based in fact. Photo by Donna Lay on Unsplash.Before you jump in, know that not all sources are created equal. For each new source you come across, whether its a journal, textbook, letter, photograph, or anything else, you will need to determine if it is a primary or secondary source.Primary sources refer to sources that provide direct and firsthand evidence on whatever you are researching. These are the lifeblood of all good writing. They bring you as close as you can possibly get to your subject, offering details and insights you wont be able to find anywhere else.Secondary sour ces refer to sources that provide analysis or interpretation of those primary sources. These can be useful as well, giving you a wider perspective and pointing you in helpful directions in your research. They will always be at least one degree removed from your subject, though.Think of the difference between these types of sources as the difference between your friend telling you a story that happened to them and a story they heard about someone else. The former is going to be a more vivid account because your friend experienced it firsthand. When it comes to your research, relying on primary sources means gaining a detailed and precise understanding of what you want to write about.Below we go into more detail on each of these sources, including what they are, how to tell them apart, and when you should use them.Primary sourcesA primary source is any source that provides you with firsthand knowledge on a given subject. For instance, if youre writing about Mark Twain, this could mean an interview with Twain, letters Twain wrote to friends, or a speech or lecture Twain gave. Each of these items provides you with direct access to Twains life and thoughts.Contrast this with a biography of Mark Twain written after his death. While the author may have consulted primary sources when writing it, they themselves had no firsthand knowledge of Twain. Even a review of one of Twains books written during his lifetime would not be a primary source, unless the author had a personal relationship or interaction with Twain.These sources extend to any type of subject. If you are writing on a certain time period, a primary source would be any document written during that time or by people who lived through it, such as a diary, letter, or an artifact like a business ledger. If you are writing about a certain type of cooking method, a primary source could be a video of that method, interviews with people who practice it, or you could become your own primary source and go watch it fi rsthand.Examples of primary sources include:Memoirs and autobiographiesInterviewsVideos and photographsLetters and diariesNovels, poems, paintings, and other artGovernment recordsLaws, court decisions, and other legal textsPrimary research papersRaw statistical dataPhysical artifactsOne consideration when evaluating primary sources is how close they are to your subject. Videos and photographs give you an immediate image of your subject. Letters put you in the mind of the person you want to learn more about. However, if you are reading someones memoirs, they could be recounting events from years or even decades in the past. You are still learning about those events from a primary source, but the information you receive will still be at a distance.Its also important to consider where you can find the sources you need. Items like letters, diaries, and government documents arent always available online, or if they are they may come at a cost. Things get even harder when youre looking fo r primary sources from far in the past. In these cases, its a good idea to check with your local library to see what they have available. You may also be able to join a nearby university library and see what research services they offer. Many online subscription services also provide access to rare documents and articles.Secondary sourcesA secondary source provides insight into a given subject without having any direct or firsthand knowledge of it. An example of this would be the Mark Twain biography cited above. While the biographer certainly consulted numerous primary sources, unless he or she knew Mark Twain directly it would still be a secondary source. Another example would be a critical analysis of Mark Twains novels. Again, the author brought together primary sources (the writings of Mark Twain) to create a new work of scholarship. Each of these items provides insight into the life and work of Mark Twain but does not offer a direct perspective.This isnt to say that secondary sources are bad or that you shouldnt use them. A secondary source can be a vital tool toward understanding your subject in a new light or identifying useful trends. They can also help organize and categorize primary source material, such as an encyclopedia or an analysis of quantitative studies in a given area. This can also be a helpful tool to learn about new primary source materials you might not know about or gain information on sources you may not have access to. Just remember, if your secondary source gives you information on a new primary source, dont stop there. Your new task is going and finding that new primary source for yourself.Examples of secondary source materials include:BiographiesTextbooksEncyclopediasNewspapers and magazinesPolicy summariesDocumentaries about a historical eventLiterature reviewsArt and literature criticismWhen it comes time to write, remember that these arent the sources you want to be drawing from for key facts and details on your subject. Its be st to keep your secondary sources as a background tool to help you go deeper in your research.How do you tell which is which?At this point this shouldnt feel complicated. Right? That depends on what youre researching. Think of a review of a play. At first thought, this sounds like a secondary source, particularly if youre studying the playwright. The review is a critique of the playwrights work by a secondhand observer, so it would count as a secondary source.However, what if your research subject was the critical reception of their plays? Or the critic themselves? Since the review addresses your subject by someone with firsthand knowledge, it is now a primary source.Here are some more scenarios where identifying which kind of source it is can be tricky:A documentary on a subject you are researching would be a secondary source. However, if your subject is the director, or the techniques used in making the documentary, then it is a primary source.A politicians speech on a certain law would be a secondary source if you are researching that law. However, if you are researching partisan reactions to the law, it becomes a primary source.A newspaper or magazine article about a historical event would be a secondary source. However, an article about an event soon after it happened, or, even better, from a journalist who personally watched the events occur, would be a primary source.For each source, always ask yourself: is this author directly involved with what I am researching? Are they providing me information firsthand, or are they describing what they heard or read from somewhere else? Going through this process for each source will help make sure you understand what kind of material you have and how to best apply it to your writing.A newspaper or magazine article about a historical event would be a secondary source. However, an article about an event soon after it happened, or, even better, from a journalist who personally watched the events occur, would be a pri mary source. Photo by Yang Xia on Unsplash.Which should you use?For any given research project, you will need to consult both primary and secondary sources. But that doesnt mean you should give them equal weight. As discussed above, primary sources give you the freshest and most direct information available on what youre studying. They offer you insight and detail that a secondhand source simply wouldnt have. Just think, what would be a more enriching experience: seeing a movie, or hearing someone describe a movie?This is why you should always prioritize using primary sources whenever possible. If you want to learn what life was like in Colonial America, skip the textbooks and see if you can find diary entries and letters from colonists. If you want to learn more about how the Clean Air Act works, dont look at summaries of the policy, go and read the actual policy. Going to the source rather than relying on analyses or summaries has the additional benefit of allowing you to draw you r own conclusions rather than get your information filtered through someone elses.Though dont think this means that you should skip secondary sources altogether. As discussed above, these kinds of sources have their own benefits, particularly at the beginning of the research process. They help broaden your net and see things from different perspectives. Most importantly, they point you in the direction of primary sources you may not have even known about.

Abigail Adams an American Woman by Charles W. Akers Essay

Abigail Adams an American Woman by Charles W. Akers Abigail Adams an American Woman was written by Charles W. Akers. His biographical book is centered on Abigail Adams the wife of John Adams, the second president of the United States, and the mother of John Quincy Adams, the sixth president. She was the All-American woman, from the time of the colonies to its independence. Abigail Adams was Americas first womens rights leader. She was a pioneer in the path to women in education, independence, and womens rights. Adams recognized the limited role women were allowed to play in the world at that time. However, she insisted that a womans role carried an equal amount of importance and responsibility to a mans. She believed that†¦show more content†¦Her quest for knowledge was brave on her part. As members of Congress drafted laws to guarantee the independence for which the colonies were fighting, Abigail wrote to John begging him to remember that women also needed to be given the right to independence. Her most famous letter about the need for womens rights was written to John on March 31, 1776: I long to hear that you have declared an independence--and by the way in the new Code of Laws which I suppose it will be necessary for you to make I desire you would Remember the Ladies, and be more generous and favorable to them than your ancestors. Do not put such unlimited power into the hands of the Husbands. Remember all Men would be tyrants if they could. If particular care and attention is not paid to the Ladies we are determined to foment a Rebellion, and will not hold ourselves bound by any Laws in which we have no voice, or Representation (Akers 48). Adams ideas were shared with other women and spoke of appealing to Congress to regard these radical issues. Congress never appealed to her bluff but as a result, John seemed to have taken her ideas to heart and to have given the matter considerable thought as he struggled with the issue of voters rights. He understood that a government built on the principles of freedom and equality and carried out with the consent of the people must byShow MoreRelatedAbigail Adams : A Revolutionary Woman1382 Words   |  6 Pages  Charles W. Akers. Abigail Adams: A Revolutionary Woman. Third ed. New York: Pearson Longman, 2007.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Charles W. Akers’ Abigail Adams: A Revolutionary Woman is written about Abigail Adams whom is the wife to the second president of the United States, John Adams. Abigail begins by describing the role of women during the colonial time when the US only consisted of the 13 colonies. 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Requisitos seguro mdico CHIP de bajo costo para nios

El Programa de Seguro de Salud para Nià ±os (CHIP, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) es un seguro mà ©dico gratis o a bajo coste para nià ±os y adolescentes  cuyos ingresos familiares les impiden calificar para Medicaid por ser demasiado altos, pero carecen de medios econà ³micos para comprar un seguro mà ©dico adecuado. Recordar que por la ley ACA, que se conoce popularmente como Obamacare  se puede estar obligado a tener seguro mà ©dico y, si no se tiene, puede haber multas. Chip es una opcià ³n para cumplir con ese requisito cuando la compra de un seguro mà ©dico privado para cubrir a los nià ±os resulta muy caro para las familias.   Ademà ¡s, en algunos estados tambià ©n permite el acceso a embarazadas. Cuà ¡l es el requisito de edad para obtener CHIP Hay variaciones importantes entre estados, ya que cada uno establece sus reglas. Sin embargo, la regla general mà ¡s comà ºn es que la cobertura se extiende a los menores de 19 aà ±os de edad. Ademà ¡s, algunos estados incluyen la  cobertura de embarazadas sin importar su edad. Quià ©nes califican para CHIP segà ºn estatus migratorio Obviamente, califican los ciudadanos americanos. Pero para todos los que no lo son hay una divisià ³n entre los que califican y los que no. Califican Los  nià ±os y adolescentes  residentes permanentes legales que han cumplido cinco aà ±os con ese estatus, a menos que residan un estado que paga con su propio dinero el acceso a CHIP para estos inmigrantes y/o han aceptado dinero federal para expandir programas ya existentes.   En la actualidad los siguientes estados brindan CHIP a nià ±os sin tener que satisfacer el requisito de los 5 aà ±os de residencia permanente legal: California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida,Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa,  Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Minnesota, Montana,Nebraska,  New Mexico, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island,  Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia y Wisconsin. Y tambià ©n Washington D.F. Asimismo, se exceptà ºan de esta regla de los cinco aà ±os los residentes que obtuvieron su green card por motivos humanitarios y los que sirven o han servido con honor en el Ejà ©rcito de Estados Unidos. En Tambià ©n califican los refugiados, asilados y otros migrantes humanitarios y, en  algunos estados, tambià ©n califican los migrantes en estatus PRUCOL.   No califican Los residentes permanentes cuya green card tiene menos de 5 aà ±os, excepto en los estados que sà ­ està ¡n amparados.Los turistasLos estudiantesLas personas con otras visas no inmigrantes, como de inversià ³n, intercambio o trabajoLos migrantes indocumentados Otros requisitos para CHIP En cada estado se pedirà ¡ cumplir con ciertos niveles de ingresos. Tambià ©n se mira la composicià ³n de la familia y, en algunos estados, se piden requerimientos de historial laboral o incluso un periodo de tiempo sin cobertura mà ©dica. Uno de los requisitos es el de ingresos econà ³micos. En este punto hay grandes diferencias entre estados pero por regla general puede decirse que: Para el caso de nià ±os y adolescentes la mayorà ­a de los estados piden ingresos inferiores al 200 por cien de lo seà ±alado cada aà ±o por el gobierno como là ­nea de la pobreza. Hay estados que cubren con ingresos inferiores al 300 por ciento e incluso los que brindan beneficios con ingresos mà ¡s altos.Para el caso de las embarazadas, por regla general se pide tener ingresos no superiores al 185 por ciento de la là ­nea de la pobreza.   En la mayorà ­a de lo casos la persona a cargo del caso verificarà ¡ electrà ³nicamente que se cumplen los requisitos, por ejemplo, el nivel de ingresos. Sin embargo hay una excepcià ³n a esta regla y es que se deberà ¡ presentar prueba documental de que se cumplen los requisitos migratorios. Quà © beneficios pueden disfrutarse con CHIP Los nià ±os y adolescentes que cuenten con una tarjeta CHIP podrà ¡n gozar de atenciones mà ©dicas que varà ­an de estado a estado. Pero en general suelen estar incluidas las visitas regulares al mà ©dico, gastos de hospital, vacunas, anà ¡lisis de laboratorio, limpieza y empastes dentales y revisià ³n de la vista y espejuelos. Tambià ©n se incluyen los medicamentos dados con prescripcià ³n del doctor. Ademà ¡s de las variaciones en cobertura mà ©dica que se producen entre los estados puede ocurrir que, dentro de un mismo estado, los nià ±os tengan diferentes seguros mà ©dicos. La tarjeta de los menores contiene el nombre de la compaà ±Ãƒ ­a proveedora de seguro y su nà ºmero de telà ©fono, para poder asà ­ saber con exactitud quà © cobertura tiene cada nià ±o. Con esos datos tambià ©n es posible averiguar quà © mà ©dicos aceptan ese seguro mà ©dico en la zona de residencia del chico. Quià ©nes pueden solicitar CHIP para los nià ±os y adolescentes Sus padres, tutores legales, abuelos o incluso hermanos mayores de edad, siempre y cuanto vivan con el menor al menos seis meses dentro del plazo de un aà ±o. En determinados casos los menores pueden aplicar directamente, como por ejemplo, cuando vivan solos. Aportacià ³n econà ³micade la familia para CHIP Las aportaciones familiares para colaborar con los gastos de este programa varà ­an segà ºn el estado de residencia,  de los recursos  econà ³micos y nà ºmero de miembros de la familia. Es muy comà ºn que haya que pagar una cantidad reducida en concepto de inscripcià ³n inicial.  Por ejemplo, en la actualidad en el estado de Texas el importe mà ¡ximo que se abona es de 50 dà ³lares. Ademà ¡s es posible que haya que abonar un co-pago cada vez que se utiliza el servicio. La cantidad varà ­a enormemente y puede ir desde los $2 a los $30. Tambià ©n es posible que resulte totalmente gratis. En todo caso nunca pasarà ¡ del 5 por ciento de los ingresos familiares por aà ±o. Asimismo, ciertos servicios son siempre gratuitos, como por ejemplo, las vacunas. Cà ³mo verificar si se cualifica y aplicar De 4  maneras es posible verificar y, en su caso aplicar, para CHIP. En primer lugar eligiendo estado en el que se vive en la pà ¡gina federal oficial de Medicaid. Se puede hacer haciendo bajar la flechita hasta encontrar el estado o haciendo click en el mapa. Se abrirà ¡ una pà ¡gina nueva con informacià ³n adicional, incluidos requisitos y cà ³mo aplicar. En segundo lugar, ingresando por internet a la pà ¡gina de Medicaid de cada estado En tercer lugar, en la pà ¡gina del Marketplace para seguros. En este caso, elegir estado introduciendo l zip code y hacer click en continuar. Despuà ©s elegir si se quiere una verificacià ³n de que se cumplen los requisitos o, si se sabe que sà ­, se puede proceder a aplicar. Y, en cuarto lugar, tambià ©n es posible realizar esta gestià ³n marcando gratuitamente al 1-800-318-2596. Quà © estados brindan mayor asistencia con CHIP En realidad 40 estados mà ¡s Washington D.C. de alguna forma han extendido el programa CHIP a mà ¡s inmigrantes que los que prevà © la ley federal, aunque hay muchas variaciones entre estados. Por ejemplo, en Massachusetts todos los nià ±os que cumplen los otros requisitos pueden tener acceso a CHIP, incluidos los indocumentados. Lo  mismo sucede en Illinois donde mà ¡s de 1.5 millones de nià ±os reciben beneficios a travà ©s del programa All Kids, que es como se le conoce en ese estado. Por otro lado, MinnesotaCare brinda cobertura a los residentes permanentes menores de 21 aà ±os y no pide entre sus requisitos que se haya cumplido 5 aà ±os como residente. Ademà ¡s, en California los muchachos con DACA aprobado menores de 21 aà ±os pueden tener acceso a Medi-Cal, si cumplen los otros requisitos. En el caso de ciegos o incapacitados no hay là ­mite de edad.   Esto significa que 10 estados sà ³lo cubren los casos bà ¡sicos. Estos son: Alabama, Carolina del Sur, Dakota del Norte, Dakota del Sur, Florida, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Mississippi y Missouri. Cà ³mo se le llama a CHIP en cada estado En cada estado este programa, que tiene fondos federales y estatales, recibe su propio nombre. Este es el listado Alabama: Alabama ALL kidsAlaska: Denali KidsCareArizona:  AHCCCS-KidsCareArkansas:  Arkansas Department of Human ServicesCalifornia: Healthy FamiliesColorado:  Child Health Plan Plus (CHP)Connecticut:  HUSKY ProgramDelaware:  Delaware Healthy Children ProgramFlorida:  Florida KidCareGeorgia:  Georgia PeachCare for KidsHawaii:  Med-QUEST DivisionIdaho:  Idaho CHIPIllinois:  Illinois All KidsIndiana:  Hoosier HealthwiseIowa:  Hawk-IKansas:  KanCare programKentucky:  Kentucky Childrens Health Insurance Program (KCHIP)Louisiana:  LaCHIPMaine:  CubCareMaryland:  Maryland Children’s Health Program (MCHIP)Massachusetts:  MassHealthMichigan:  MIChildMinnesota:  MinnesotaCareMississippi:  Health BenefitsMissouri:  MO HealthNetMontana:  Healthy Montana Kids PlusNebraska:  CHIPNevada:  Check UpNew Hampshire: CHIPNew Jersey:  FamilyCareNew Mexico:  New Mexi-KidsNew York:  Child Health PlusNorth Carolina:  Health ChoiceNorth Dakota: CHIPOhio:  Healthy FamiliesOklahoma:  SoonerCarePennsylvania: CHIPRhode Island:  Rite CareSouth Carolina:  Healthy ConnectionsSouth Dakota: CHIPTennessee:  CoverKidsTexas: CHIPUtah: CHIPVermont:  Dr DynasaurVirginia:  FAMISWashington: CHIPWashington D.C.: CHIPWest Virginia: CHIPWisconsin:  BadgerCare PlusWyoming:  Kid Care CHIP Beneficiados por CHIP En la actualidad mà ¡s de ocho millones de nià ±os y adolescentes  gozan de cobertura mà ©dica a travà ©s de CHIP, lo que representa un costo de mà ¡s de $13 billones. Aunque tanto los estados como el gobierno federal contribuyen con fondos, es mayor la proporcià ³n del gobierno de los Estados Unidos. Por estados, California es, con 1,731,605 menores en este programa, el estado con mà ¡s beneficiados, seguido por Texas y Nueva York. Recursos prà ¡cticos Algunos estados brindan este tipo de proteccià ³n a travà ©s de una versià ³n extendida de Medicaid. Es el caso de Alaska, Hawaii, Carolina del Sur, Maryland, Vermont, Ohio, Nuevo Hampshire y Nuevo Mà ©xico, ademà ¡s de Washington D.C. y el territorio de Puerto Rico.  Es importante informarse y que los asistentes sociales indiquen cuà ¡l es la asistencia disponible segà ºn el caso. Se puede solicitar el ingreso en el programa CHIP en cualquier momento del aà ±o, si bien algunos estados piden que se lleve un tiempo determinado sin cobertura mà ©dica. Y, finalmente, estos son otros recursos a los que se podrà ­a tener derecho: cupones de alimentos tambià ©n conocido como SNAP, Medicaid, Wic para embarazadas e infantes, School Lunch o TANF, que es un programa de asistencia temporal a familias en situacià ³n de necesidad. Cuando se aplica por Medicaid o por CHIP se informa si se puede aplicar por otro programa de asistencia social. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Western Union Seeks East and Central African Market Free Essays

‘WESTERN UNION SHIFTING FOCUS TO TRANSACTIONS WITHIN AFRICA. ’ INTRODUCTION This article under review is taken from the outlook section of The EastAfrican newspaper as for the dates between 19th to the 25th September 2011. It is a QA article with Western union’s present regional director southern and East Africa, Karen Jordaan. We will write a custom essay sample on Western Union Seeks East and Central African Market or any similar topic only for you Order Now It was chosen in line with other online articles published two weeks prior that informed of the change in strategy being adopted by the global money transfer company in terms of their operations within the African continent. ARTICLE OVERVIEW With the ever growing number of immigrants standing at around 250 million globally with 30 million of these being from Africa and better still 19 million of them being migrations within Africa and with the ever growing number people moving within the East African region for leisure, business or seeking job opportunities, it was clear that the potential number of transactions within the region was increasing and Western union identifying this decides to apply their marketing mix in terms of place or location by changing their strategy by focusing on the East African region and the African continent as a whole. To cement their operation in the region, western union has taken to invest to train more agents to reach a wider population and enhance service delivery in the region. With over 23,000 locations in 50 African countries and only 3,600 of this being in the East African region, western union is facing a challenging ‘motor and brick’ situation where they have been unable to reach the 39 million Kenyans with most adopting informal ways of money transfer coupled with low penetration of mobile transfer in rural areas. The 700 locations in Kenya coupled with differing data as provided by the local government and international bodies has left western union without proper information of where to invest and that is why they are taking charge and repositioning themselves to grow in the regional market. Besides investing in their people to reach a wider population, they are also running promotions geared to stimulate local money transfer through their formal channels. Some of this are such as changes in pricing as seen in the charges if $1. for transactions between Kenya and Uganda aimed primarily at the foreign students learning there across the other east African region. Articles implication on the economy and general business environment. The move by western unions displays a lot of marketing characteristics that are bound to affect the economy positively. Western unions newly defined market or constituency of potential customers who are willing and able to engage in exchange will drive economic deve lopment up in terms of the pace of doing business due to western union agents offering more places to access their services. This can bring about more investment in the region with the three countries recording a strong balance of trade and balance of payment statements. The economy stands to benefit from the fact that a lot of unrecorded transactions or ‘black market economy transactions’ are avoided realizing a situation where the government is able to raise more money through proper taxation of all transacted amounts. The expansion of western unions outreach will prove to provide and facilitates   inter? ersonal   transactions,   it   could   improve   the   allocation   of   savings   across   households   and   businesses   by   deepening   the   person? to? person   credit   market. This   could   increase   the   average   return   to   capital,   thereby   producing   a   feed? back   to   the   level   of   saving and by   making   transfers   across   large   distances   trivially   cheap, western uni on could   improves   the   investment   in,   and   allocation   of,   human   capital   as   well   as   physical   investment. Households   may   be   more   likely   to   send   members   to   high? aying   jobs   in   distant   locations   (e. g. ,   the   capital),   either   on   a   permanent   or   temporary   basis,   and   to   invest   in   skills   that   are   likely   to   earn   a   return   in   such   places   but   not   necessarily   at   home. Electronic funds transfer as offered   could   bring a situation that affect   the   ability   of    individuals   to   share   risk. Informal   risk? sharing   networks   have   been   found   to   be   an   important,   although   not   fully   effective,   means   by   which   individuals   spread   risk,   making   state? ontingent   transfers   among   group   members. By   expanding   the   geographic   reach   of   these   networks,   western union   may   allow   more   efficient   risk   sharing,   although   the   risk? reducing benefits   might   be   mitigated   due   to   issues   of   observability   and   moral   hazard   when   parties   are   separated   by   large  distances. Risk? related effect arises if western union facilitates timely transfer  of small amounts of money. Instead of waiting for conditions to worsen   to evels   that   cause   long   term   damage,   western unions money transfer  might  enable   support   networks to   keep   negative   shocks   manageable. For example a   household   head   with   access   to   money transfer   who   suffers   a   mild   health   shock   might receive   a   small   amount   of   money   via any western union agen t   that   allows   him   to   keep   his   children   in   school. If   this   money   was   delayed,   or   the   sender   waited   until   the   recipient   Ã¢â‚¬Å"really   needed   it†,   the   children   might   have   quit   school,   the   effects   of   which   may   be   hard   to   reverse. Money received through such electronic channels as western union might and   could most likely   conceivably   alter   bargaining   power   and   weaken   incentives   within   households   or   other   networks. Economically   weaker   family   members   might   expect   larger   and   more   regular   remittances   from   better? off   city? dwelling   relatives,   who   themselves   might   find   it   hard   to   justify   not   sending   money   home. This   could   weaken   incentives   for   rural   household   members   to   work   or   innovate,   offsetting   some   of   the   efficiency? nhancing   benefits   of   improved   geographic   labor   allocation   and   risk   sharing. Money received by certain households   could   have   the   effect   of   empowering members   who   have   traditionally   had   less   bargainin g   power,   in   particular   women. Especially   among   poorer   segments   of   the   population,   remittances   and   transfers   received   (and   sent)   via   western union are   less   visible   than   those   transmitted   by   other   means,   such   as Delivery by a friend or relative. Granted   this   information   advantage,   recipients   could   be   in   a   position   to   keep   more   of   the   funds   they   receive. Evidence   suggesting   the   spending patterns   of   women   and   men   differ   then   implies   that   the   advent   of   western union along other electronic fund transfers   could   have   real   effects   on  the   allocation   of   household    Spending. Articles implication on the market competitiveness. The article address the strong link between marketing and strategy whereby in the marketing strategic mapping of western union, after defining their marketing objectives they carried out a SWOT analysis of their current structure realizing that the potential of the growing east African market is only hindered by the lack of agents within the region. It is this that led them to the need to build competitive marketing strategies that involves segmenting, targeting and positioning themselves closer to their target market. Western union strategy has been seen to change its marketing mix within the region interms of price, place, promotion and its people (agents) though retaining most of its product offering and process. The case analysis its presence in the east African region and business position across its countries of operation though not highlighting much of its distinct competences and competitive advantage with its rival companies such as money gram and the new threat that has been brought about by mobile money transfer systems such as m-pesa and tangaza that have a close to 49% penetration rate due to the high adoption of mobile phones across the region over the last nine years. Western unions improved agent presence is a threat for moneygram which is still operating locally through banking and financial institutions as agents and with increased presence has the distinct advantage of eating into the market share of moneygram due to better presence that is key in such a service driven industry. Presence means access to more people within more regional blocks meaning more transactional volumes for the organization. In terms of whether or not it will be able to able to make a dent on a hold a share of the mobile money transfer market is a question of wait and see. This is due to the fact that the regions for penetration have not being clearly addressed to weigh such factors as to the access of mobile phones and subsequent mobile money transfer penetration, though western union distinct advantage over the regions mobile transfer market is that it can transact across boarder within the east African and central African region unlike m-pesa and the like which have had long standing operational battles on their limitations with central bank and other formal banking institutions, though all in all westerns union change of strategy to better serve the region will bring along with it changes in marketing tactics for established and potential new operators in the money transfer industry. How to cite Western Union Seeks East and Central African Market, Papers

Non-Compliance and Confidentiality Disease

Question: Discuss about the Non-Compliance and ConfidentialityforDisease. Answer: Introduction Difference Between Refusal of Treatment and non-Compliance Refusal is the act of declining to do something or to accept something, while treatment is the management of a certain disease. According to the Mosbys medical dictionary, refusal of treatment is the total decline of the patient to the treatment after physician has clearly informed of the patients diagnosis, prognosis, risks as well as risk associated with the outcome of no intervention (Evans, 2012). Noncompliance is the refusal or the failure by a certain party to comply with set guidelines. According to the North American nursing diagnosis association, the term noncompliance in nursing diagnosis is the behavior of a patient or the nurse which fails to coincide with the health promoting or a therapeutic plan that is agreed upon by the patient and the health professional who is offering the treatment (Taddio, 2012). According to my opinion, refusal of treatment and noncompliance are completely different terms in nursing. Refusal to treatment is the total decline of treatment by the patient which is after they are informed of the risks by the medical profession. On the other hand noncompliance is just the failure in the part of the patient to follow the guidelines such as fails to take drugs as directed daily by the physician. The patient fails to take one day because they are not fully informed or has some psychiatrist problems. Appropriate Course of Action for Each In the case of refusal to treatment, the medical PR actioner should advice the patient to seek medical attention in another medical Centre since the patient has been fully advised and the PR actioner has evaluated for cases of mental problems and the patient has tested mentally okay. In the case of noncompliance the PR actioner should evaluate the insight reasons for the patients noncompliance, then educate the patient thoroughly. Since it may because of the some illiteracy or financial problems, not as compared to refusal that is complete decline. References Evans, N. B. C. M. A. A. E. H. I. H. R. P. R. G. M. a. p. P., 2012. A critical review of advance directives in Germany: attitudes, use and healthcare professionals compliance.. Patient education and counseling,, pp. 87(3), pp.277-288.. Taddio, A. I. M. T. S. J. A. P. C. S. S. S. J. S. D. a. K. J., 2012. Survey of the prevalence of immunization non-compliance due to needle fears in children and adults.. Vaccine,, pp. 30(32), pp.4807-4812..